Danksharding and EIP-4844

The idea of sharding, specifically execution sharding, was present in earlier iterations of the Ethereum roadmap. Execution sharding involves dividing the network into smaller units that can process transactions in parallel.

With a shift into a rollup-centric future where rollups are responsible for optimizing the execution environment, Ethereum moves away from execution sharding to focus on data sharding catered to data-hungry rollups. Data sharding involves reducing the amount of data that needs to be stored and processed by each node.