Moving into the age of 'Optimistic Ethereum'

For a general overview on different scaling approaches, design goals, and tradeoffs, read this research piece on Layer 2 scaling approaches.

After years of research into scaling Ethereum, it seems like we are approaching a tangible milestone where progress is visible to end users. Scalability has been (most often falsely) promised by new blockchain projects for years, and it’s often unclear what “counts” as real progress.