Classifying Cross-chain Bridges Part 4: Modularization

Cross-chain communication comprises three primary tasks: the transmission, verification, and interpretation of data payloads that originate from another blockchain. These responsibilities define the objectives of transport, consensus, and execution layers, respectively. A generic cross-chain messaging framework provides a standardized interface to streamline the interactions among these three layers.

In the final part of the cross-chain bridges series, we delve into how the implementation of cross-chain communication can be modularized into three distinct layers specializing in different responsibilities. We will use LayerZero and Wormhole, two notable messaging frameworks, as case studies to see how modularization can be achieved in practice.